| REPORT |
The phenomenon of older people must be read in positive terms. The modern world has not "invented" the old, but has ensured that this became a condition of life generalizzata: per la prima volta nella storia un grande numero di persone raggiunge l’età anziana. In altre parole la società moderna ha la possibilità di “utilizzare” le persone per più tempo così come queste possono arrecare alla società un apporto per un tempo più lungo.
Si può ancora osservare che tale aumento della longevità non ha cause precisamente identificabili, ma può essere addebitabile a molti fattori (alimentazione, igiene, cultura, attività fisica, ecc…).
Quando si parla del “problema anziani” si parla quindi di una impreparazione della società to manage this phenomenon, as it is done too quickly - over a century - to be able to adapt and be consistent with social structures.
In people become elderly means more often than not, experience a phase of life characterized by negative events. We talk about the elderly taking into account the range of 60 to 75 years, while those who exceed this age people are now considered the fourth age.
From a social perspective is necessary to ask: what the elderly want to be, what to do, who is he? It is the person who reads the newspaper the morning and spends the afternoon the doctor for a prescription medication - attentive to all his physical problems that your doctor thinks resolved - or is a person who wants to be more active in society? This is the big problem that the elderly should be solved. But the company must recognize the role of the older person, regardless of existing stereotypes.
The elderly person is perceived as a slow, useless and intelligence tarnished. In the past, great respect for them . And now? If we stop to consider the situation today, we see that among some peoples old age is still valued e rispettata. In particolare, nelle antiche civiltà, del tutto diverse da quelle occidentali odierne, gli anziani erano considerati fonti di straordinaria saggezza. A loro e alla loro esperienza veniva affidato il compito di guidare i giovani attraverso i pericoli del mondo. Erano apprezzati, valorizzati, rispettati. Erano una parte attiva e importante della società in quanto d opo aver dedicato una vita alla famiglia al lavoro, costellato quest’ ultimo da tante fatiche, strapazzi e sacrifici, pur continuando a vivere nel nucleo famigliare, si tirava un po' in disparte, sostituendo la propria attività produttiva con la trasmissione di esperienza, dimostrandosi ancora utile, come punto di riferimento. Come padre insegnava e suggeriva ai figli, programmi di lavoro e accorgimenti per una miglior conduzione delle rispettive attività e compiti. Come Nonno invece si teneva vicino i nipoti grandicelli parlando loro della natura, degli animali, insegnava a leggere l'orologio. Mentre
... In our Western civilization, however, everything is lost due to a mentality which gives priority to the immediate usefulness and productivity of man. For this reason, the so-called third age is often devalued and older people themselves are led to wonder if their lives are still useful for something. And if yesterday's ideals were: awareness, altruism, solidarity, understanding, these ideals have been replaced by the myths of today: Juvenile, productivity, consumerism, money, power, comfort.
Unfortunately Elder is now put in an uncomfortable situation, and not easy to solve.
This is the big problem that the elderly should be solved. But the company must recognize the role of the older person, regardless of existing stereotypes.
Mention the most common ones: the first, which considers the same old disease, is not it. Certainly, with age there may be some predisposition to disease, but it is true that old age coincides with the disease, rather it is considered that now comes with old age in better condition than before. The second, which consider the years of old age as years of "peace" is not true: people must constantly adapt to their living environment, changes in your body, etc., as, in due proportions, in other stages of life. If you care institutions considered to be consistent, you would notice the psychological and spiritual dynamics of the guests and the resulting care needs in this area too, the charitable institution is not that environment of peace, as sometimes you want to read.
The third injury, according to which after 65 people age dramatically, it is still true: the same signs that are accredited to seniority - the glasses, white hair, white beard, modest functional limitations - may arrive earlier than 65 years, and many years before. The signs that we will credit to old age, they are not really old. The fourth, that the elderly are rigid, fixed, incapable of change, it is not even true. Certainly, as in all other stages of life, we must use different teaching methods.
| STEREOTYPE | DESCRIPTION |
| 1. Same old disease | Ageing in itself does not cause disease, but the probability of having chronic diseases is higher in anziani.Tuttavia, also suffering from some chronic diseases, elderly people can adapt their lifestyle and their environment. |
| 2. The years of old age are still years, is the golden age of life | not true, nor desired by older people, life is a challenge to adapt and this also applies to old age. |
| 3. After 65 years, people age dramatically | The changes of the body associated with age, are continuous. Some changes occur as early as the forties, as the graying of hair and decrease in visual acuity. Some functions of the body vary in old age secondo l’ereditarietà, la dieta, l’occupazione, i fattori ambientali, lo stile di vita |
| 4. Gli anziani sono rigidi, fissi, incapaci di cambiare | Agli anziani occorre maggior tempo per assimilare nuove conoscenze, per rispondere e per prendere decisioni, ma questa non è rigidità. Inoltre, la capacità dell’anziano, varia in base a molteplici fattori (stile culturale di apprendimento, educazione all’apprendimento, linguaggio, ambiente, farmaci, deficit sensoriali, capacità cognitiva, ecc…) |
Veniamo ora a considerare più direttamente la persona anziana.
Si deve affermare prioritariamente che quando si parla di anziani non si parla di un gruppo omogeneo. In questo ambito infatti si possono distinguere almeno tre fasce di età: 65, 75 e 85 e i bisogni sociali, psicologici, spirituali sono chiaramente diversi, come anche i bisogni assistenziali.
Ancora, l’invecchiamento non inizia a 65 anni: i 65 anni sono l’età che il cancelliere Bismark fissò, nel diciannovesimo secolo, quale limite per porre retired imperial officers. The aging process of the person begins at birth, so you should read it less dramatically. The aging process is such that when a child is born is already biologically older than nine months, then this will mark the aging process throughout their lives. So it is in a life that you have read the aging, life span in which we witness a series of acquisitions and continuing losses.
There is a moment when you find yourself getting old?
Basically, you realize that age when you can not more to do two things together, when to do one thing it takes more time and when the result is no longer what it once was. These are the signs that our body sends us to warn us that aging is entering a stage closer.
On the other hand the person has not only a chronological age, ie the difference of years between the date of birth and the date on which they live, also has a biological age. For example, if a person has done very hard work it is possible that the biological age more than chronological age, that is the toil of work have affected physically in such a way that does not match the chronological age con l’età biologica. Si ha poi, un’età soggettiva, cioè l’età che ciascuno si assegna: è un età molto difficile da darsi, perché non ci si rende conto del passare del tempo, si pensa di essere sempre le stesse persone. Ha poi un età funzionale, quella cioè necessaria per svolgere un’attività. Ad esempio, per un atleta l’età funzionale è già molto elevata oltre i 30 anni, per un impiegato può arrivare anche a 65 anni. Ultima è l’età sociale, cioè l’età che danno gli “altri”. Il segreto dell’eterna giovinezza è allora quello di frequentare gruppi di persone di età più anziana: si verrà increasingly recognized as people "young".
Old age is thus a time of physical changes, psychological and social: the person tends to focus attention on herself, as she grows older. To live well we must make sense of the old age that we live, as in all the ages. A concern that, due to start at age 55. This is because, for example, the same retirement can be stressful. Many suicides occur among the elderly in institutional care, but also in society in general, as a consequence of stress resulting from the abandonment of work. The elderly person has to find new values \u200b\u200bof life, new living environments, must also learn to confront new limits, he must learn to accept some limitations. And you must learn to cope with loneliness, especially this woman, a woman who has a good chance to remain a widow. It ages well only those who agree to grow old. Generally stand to be old, but the concept is different: you must agree to grow old.
| OBJECTIVES seniority ': |
| · discover new values \u200b\u200bof life; · Finding new ways to explain himself to their needs; · Adapting to new ways of life and new living environments; · Learning to cope with new limits; · Learning to deal with loneliness. |
Besides old age is not a right. Then the "good old" is the one who lives his life without fracture, has a past, live the present, has a hopeful attitude towards the future. A "good old" but that should not be idealized: it is a person who may also have its flaws.
Still, when you read a single elderly person, one must say that aging is a personal process, because old age is the sum of history, relationships, health, professional and culture.
So what it means to deal with the elderly? It means, first, to see how the older person considers herself, then what the company calls the same person. There are two closely related problems. The basic requirement is to recognize older people as interpreters of social change and consequently the company line.
Recognising that a large component of the population in old age, should be amended to that effect the elements of social life. For example, to compile a report of a giro account is something that may prove difficult because need to write letters in tiny boxes. It is not the only example that you can do is simply proof that
considering the predominantly youthful society. Even television has not yet quite clear consistent image of the elderly: there is a youthfulness that pervades the representation of seniority. It is therefore necessary to redesign the social structures, including welfare, to provide more dignified solution of the value of the person.
In summary, when we talk about a future society must be considered that there will be two more categories of elderly: Elder largely young, educated, financially independent, which calls for a stay on the social scene, the only senior with limited economic resources and high care needs.
So what should companies do? rebuilding the image of old age and provide social assistance in support of old age.
They are custodians of collective memory, and so are our witnesses interpreters of ideals and common values \u200b\u200bwhich support and guide life in society. Exclude them is to deny the past in the roots of this in nome di una modernità senza memoria . Gli anziani, grazie alla loro matura esperienza, sono in grado di proporre ai giovani consigli preziosi. Occorre quindi convincersi che è proprio di una civiltà pienamente umana rispettare e amare gli anziani e fare in modo tale che si sentano parte viva della società moderna, perché è anche grazie a loro che oggi siamo qui a parlare… Non lasciamo che la vecchiaia diventi un'agonia, un tormento che ti accompagna fino alla morte. Apriamo gli occhi, gli anziani non sono qualcosa da sfruttare e poi scartare quando non ci servono più, tocca a noi valorizzare quelle persone che hanno dato i momenti migliori della loro vita per noi. Non escludiamoli dal mondo, approfittiamo their infinite wisdom and goodness as long as we can, we must not allow their last moments on this world are stained with loneliness and pain ... let's call more often, we go to visit them, carry it "walking", listen to the advice they give us ... Will then be too late.
Our project was born of the civil service, in fact, with this in mind: pushing on a model of the elderly person and now only need health services. The main purpose of the project is to implement a modern health promotion trial. As authoritatively laid down by WHO, health is not merely the absence of disease but is a condizione di benessere psico, fisico e relazionale della persona all’interno del contesto in cui vive. Il concetto comprende il miglioramento degli stili di vita così come quello dell’ambiente,ma sottolinea la necessità di un forte investimento nell’area delle relazioni intese come vere e proprie determinanti di salute.
Per riuscire a realizzare l’obiettivo del progetto, abbiamo intervistato alcuni esponenti di spicco della comunità di Squillace, allo scopo di individuare insieme i bisogni degli anziani. I testimoni privilegiati intervistati sono stati:
| Pasquale Muccari | Doctor |
| Antonio Conca | Professor |
| Franco Maida | Doctor |
| Father Piero | Parish Squillace Lido |
| Don Peppino
| Parish Squillace |
| Paul Mercurio | Postino Squillace Lido |
| Ciccio Megna | Centralinista ospedale |
| Peppe Mercurio | Direttore poste |
ACTIVITIES 'PERFORMED BY 08/01/2010 to 01/03/2010
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